Informal - Careful evaluation of medical history, development and symptoms. Observe strength and movement of the muscles involved in swallowing. Observe feeding to see posture, behavior, and oral movements during eating and drinking.

Formal - Modified Barium Swallow Test - Evaluates the swallowing process by using a swallowed contrast material which can be seen using x-rays. The physician is able to see all structures involved in swallowing (from the oral cavity to the esophagus) on a video screen while the test is taking place. This test is performed by a Otolaryngologist/Radiologist and Speech Pathologist together.

Treatment - Treatment of dysphagia varies greatly depending on the cause, symptoms and type of swallowing problem. Some methods of treatment include:
• Diet Modification - specific food and liquid textures that are easier and safer to swallow. Keeping records of how much food or liquid is consumed.
• Positioning - positioning the head and neck in a certain way to help in swallowing.
• Passive Exercises - Lip, tongue, jaw, respiratory, and head lift exercises for muscle control and aid in swallowing.
• Compensatory strategies such as double swallow or alternating liquids and solids.

Electrical Stim - Small electrical currents via electrodes to stimulate the muscles responsible for swallowing. With the help of the Speech Pathologist through rehabilitaion the muscles are "re-educated".